Figure skating is one of the ice sports where athletes use ice skates to trace patterns on the ice and perform high-difficulty moves such as jumps and spins. Judges score the performance based on the quality and artistic expression of the moves, with a maximum score of 6 points. Figure skating originated in 18th-century Britain and subsequently gained rapid popularity in Germany and North American countries. In 1892, the International Skating Union was officially established in the Netherlands and formulated the competition rules for the sport. Austria hosted its first figure skating competition in 1872. In 1882, Austrian figure skaters Frey and his wife performed the first pairs skating routine by holding hands and dancing together on the Vienna ice rink. The first World Men's Singles Figure Skating Championships were held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1896. The Asian Skating Union was founded in 1990.